belarus currency

• Political Risk for Foreign Firms in the Western Cis - an Analysis On Belarus, Moldova, Russia and Ukraine*

This report analyses the political risks of Belarus, Moldova, Russia and Ukraine from a foreign firm's point of view. Russia's increasing economic nationalism means increasing investment risk for foreign investors. The political climate in Ukraine is unfavourable to foreign investment but not to the extent that it would prevent or seriously restrict the possibilities of operating in the market. The political risk in Belarus is related to the centralisation of authority over economic policy. In Moldova, political risks for foreign investors are clearly present in this economically and politically problematic situation. All in all, political risk remains elevated in Belarus, Moldova, Russia and Ukraine

...Russia's balance of payment and currency stability is a multisided issue. Due to the global...

• Journal for East European Management Studies
• Band 14 Nr. 4, Oktober 2009

• The Trade Development Path and Export Spillovers in China: A Missing Link?

A two-step modeling strategy is applied to a panel of 5,861 foreign-invested and 7,697 indigenous Chinese firms for the period 1998-2001 to investigate whether export spillovers may represent a mechanism underpinning Dunning's Trade Development Path hypothesis. Such spillovers are found, and the results emphasize the importance of a wide spectrum of spillover channels involving labor mobility, spatial agglomeration, technological imitation and the diffusion of exporting experience. Multinational enterprises in China positively affect local Chinese firms' exports through various spillover channels, and inward foreign direct investment brings significant, indirect spillovers.

...In some cases, e.g., Belarus, the State even imposed a levy on firms' hard curr...

• Management International Review
• Band 47 Nr. 5, September 2007