During recent years, German Health Policy has been subject to extensive reform activity. Since the early 1990s, there have been at least seven substantial healthcare reforms and many smaller ones. Against this background, the paper argues that it is more apposite to speak of one "institutionalized reform", instead of separate reforms. Every single reform seems to be only one step, which in itself does not end the reform process, but which is another step in the direction of the next reform. On the basis of three case studies, the paper argues that there is a basis of one "institutionalized reform" (but to be implemented in small steps) in the reform process for two main reasons: either the reform has been planned badly or planned as a learning system and has to be adjusted to correct de...
... opposition majority of the Christian Democrats blocked the nonmandatory legislation on a governme...
...In contrast, preunification Social Democrats, feminists and the Greens had for long strictly re...
...Ihre Partei, die Progressive Democrats, hatte Harney vor gut zwei Jahren verloren: Sie l...
German unification merged two contrasting family models: the East German dual-worker model and the West German male breadwinner model. Since 2002, Germany has been essentially changing directions towards a third model called "sustainable family policy." The new policy model conceives of children as society's future assets, seeks to encourage childbearing by supporting parents to be workers and attempts to reduce families' poverty by boosting mothers' employment. By increasing childcare facilities also of very small children and by developing early childhood education politicians claim to invest in children, make up for social inequalities and generate "sustainable. human capital. The ongoing family policy change seems at odds with mainstream judgments on reform incapability of the Germa...
...In contrast, pre-unification Social Democrats, feminists and the Greens had for long strictly re...
... de Lille, Chefin der Partei Independent Democrats. Im September sollen die neuen Gesetzesentwürfe a...
Market-led reform strategies around the world have given rise to fears of a progressive commercialization of hospital care. The aim of this article is to suggest an analytical framework that might explain the ubiquitous market-led reform strategies and to scrutinize widespread claim that commercialization processes impacts negatively on quality and equality of access. In comparing an ideal type model of commercialized health care with institutional and organizational change the article provides an assessment of commercialization processes in German hospital care. Although there is a newly evolving market-led governance structure in German hospital care commercialization processes have, however, been restricted. While there are strong signs that on a regulatory level the German hospital ...
... "grand coalition" of 1966-69 (Christian Democrats from the CDU and the CSU together with Social Demo...
... Rhineland-Palatine, where the Christian-Democrats were in power. However, these bills were never ado...
...Die Liberal Democrats haben nicht so gut abgeschnitten, wie sie und viel...
Federalism is commonly regarded as a major impediment to welfare state expansion, yet its role in times of welfare state retrenchment remains unclear. Complex responsibilities shared between the federal government and those of the Länder make German hospital financing an interesting example in this regard. The paper analyses recent reforms in German hospital financing, showing how federal institutions may impede reforms and how resistance is motivated. It describes the historical compromise behind the foundations of hospital regulation and outlines the transformation process in hospital reimbursement, showing how systems of reimbursement and hospital planning have come into conflict. Against this background, attempts by national and Länder governments to solve this conflict are assessed...
...And thirdly, Christian democrats and social democrats formed a grand coalition betw...
The previous articles described police systems and reforms implemented in three countries. In this final article, the authors explore the similarities and differences in the police systems of these three countries, focusing specifically on the organization of the police forces and their governance systems. Section 2 examines what the starting point for police reforms is and how the shifts brought about by successive police reforms can be assessed. In Section 3, they ask if there is a common pattern in the way these four police systems have evolved, or whether it is more appropriate to talk of a hodgepodge of developments. We end their paper in Section 6 by discussing their expectations of the future of police systems in the three countries and by raising the question of whether there is...
... because of the entrance of the Social Democrats. In England & Wales, police reform under the regim...
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