... (a) The Supreme Court of Germany, the Reichsgericht, which is at present not operat...In its Directive No. 10 the Control Council has described the metho... agencies dealing with their actual enforcement. 40. As a means of quick orientation in regard to...
This paper focuses on the overall themes of the issue to examine the interrelationships between innovation, competition and regulatory change in international business. It provides a synthesis by highlighting recent interlinked developments in two contrasting industries dominated by large multinationals -- pharmaceuticals and automotives, with specific reference to cars. This industry based assessment highlights the technical, economic and regulatory forces that have together changed the business environment, innovation processes and nature of competition in the pharmaceutical and automotive industries.
...In Germany, France, Italy, Sweden and the UK combined, Europe... where suitable intellectual property enforcement is regarded as lacking, despite the Chinese signat...The European end-of-life vehicle directive has forced Europeans to reconsider the environment...
...? Remote access to a server abroad? Enforcement by removal of all servers? Unexpected opportunitie... the implementation of the enforcement directive on 01.09.2008, a claim to the inspection of an ite...
This article examines to what extent the German private health insurance (PHI) is undergoing a process of "demarketization". Whereas newly established welfare markets (e.g. in the field of pension, long-term care, health care, labor market etc.) can be regarded as a result of "marketization", the substitutive PHI looks back on a centennial tradition as the market-based counterpart of the statutory health insurance (SHI). Even though the PHI generally assures a high level of insurance protection, the market-based organization of this insurance led to an increase in socio-political regulations in the past two decades. These social liabilities did not transform the PHI business model radically. Nevertheless, an incremental transformation as well as a partial convergence is taking place bet...
... will focus on recent developments of Germany's private health insurance and tries to analyze, i..., where the Third Non-Life Insurance Directive (Dritte Richtlinie Nichtlebensversicherung) of the... includes rule-making, monitoring, and enforcement. Even the necessity to gain information results in...
... of the European Data Protection Directive, it is doubtful whether the ULD's interpretation i...If the ULD in fact will take enforcement actions against Website Operators (concentrating o...
... reform of the European Data Protection Directive 95/46/EU. On 25 January 2012 the Commission's offi... 70) as well as a more efficient enforcement of the law by data subjects and supervisory author...
This paper aims at discussing some facets of the emerging European level of collective negotiations. The paper argues that in general the acquis communautaire and other international acts can already accommodate this new category of agreements. At the same time it finds out that lack of a specific legal framework may have negative implications for the binding force of the agreements in question and for their enforcement. The existence of those agreements beyond or parallel to law causes hence confusion in regard to roles that the social partners at the national and the European level should play. Thus, in order to put some structure into the debate, it is argued that a differentiation between, on the one hand, national collective bargaining and transnational collective agreements or neg...
... a decade after the entry into force of Directive 94/45/EC, European Works Councils (EWCs) are a wel... headquartered predominantly in France, Germany, the Nordic countries or the US. We have observed ...
... reform of the European Data Protection Directive 95/46/EU was presented. We have analysed this 119-... 70) as well as a more efficient enforcement of the law by data subjects and supervisory author...
This article explores regulatory developments with regard to employee representation in post-socialist corporate governance systems of Central Europe. It sets out to weigh the applicability of different theories on postsocialist industrial relations that focus on domestic, European and international forces. It pays special attention to the Hungarian case and studies regulatory developments in the early 2000s, with a focus on the third postsocialist Company Law of 2006. The article argues that the law reform undermines effective employee representation in postsocialist corporate governance systems. It concludes that these developments can only be adequately understood as the result of the interplay between various social forces at the national, European and international level.
... as in Western European countries such as Germany and Austria, it constituted an additional channel ... of some of the EU Company Law Directives that stressed the importance of adequate instituti... regulations and inconsistent enforcement produced ambiguity about which rules and which gam...
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