This study compared women's roles, expectations and experiences in two comparable, male dominated industrial manufacturing companies in Australia. Both organisations are subject to legislated equal opportunity program and reporting requirements. The research was conducted to examinee the differences between what is submitted in their EEO reports and the experience of women workers in the organisations. Good jobs and poor jobs existed in the same legislative and industrial framework and in the same local labour market. The differences are located in a combination of organisational and cultural conditions.
... and mandatory reports require that, at a minimum, employees suffer no discrimination on the grounds...Wages and conditions set out in Enterprise Agreements an...
... in a third member state of the EU and the minimum shareholding levels will fall from the present 25%... digitise the entire administration of the "wages" tax system of deducting income tax at source from...Banks from the USA, Japan and Australia (equated with EEA banks for supervision purposes) ...
What is the relationship between the introduction of defined-contribution accounts into public pension systems and changes in elderly poverty and income inequality?*** The present study examines the current state of knowledge with regard to mese relationships. The study is divided into four parts: 1) an overview of data indicating that elderly poverty began to rise at least in developed economies in recent years; 2) a discussion of a body of conceptual and empirical studies that suggests definedcontribution accounts will adversely impact elderly poverty and income inequality; 3) a review of confounding factors that make it difficult to project the direction of such relationships; 4) suggestions for future research.
... as Western Europe (Kremers 2002) and Australia (Edey/Simon 1998; Saunders 2002) during the 1990s.... (e.g., the rate of increase in covered wages, or of GDP), but benefits may also be implicidy li...In Sweden a guaranteed minimum pension, financed outside of the NDC, counteracts ...
This paper commences with a survey of international trends in union membership, union density and collective bargaining, while focusing on the comparative position of trade unions in Germany. The author considers three hypotheses concerning the development of unionism in recent decades. The first one is that globalisation and structural change in the economy and labour market pull all countries towards a neo-liberal convergence of which union decline is one manifestation. The second predicts that resilient national institutions of collective bargaining and union-employer cooperation enable continued divergence in unionization levels across Western economies. The third one, which seems particularly relevant for Germany, states that feedback mechanisms from internal diversity among both e...
... countries - foremost the USA, the UK, Australia, New Zealand, France, Japan, but also Austria and ... towards a market economy, it is clear that wages in the private sector are decided at company level... of the level and changes of the minimum wage decided by the government, sometimes after co...
In recent decades Germany and Denmark have constituted survival areas for the classical IR system in an era that has otherwise largely been characterised by the deregulation and disorganisation of industrial relations. From the mid-1990s onwards, however, it has to varying degrees been possible to observe erosive tendencies in these hitherto sturdy fortresses of "organised decentralisation". It is the main thesis of this article that the dualistic German system makes it more difficult for the German parties to adapt the bargaining system so that their overall coordination can be preserved even though the required decentralisation is introduced.
... decentralisation trends in Sweden, Australia, Germany, Italy, the United Kingdom and the United... with the highly decentralised bargaining on wages (developed up through the 20th century), and the r...Since 1902 it is only the minimum wage tariff that has been negotiated at sector lev...
In a characteristically combative treatment, Jirjahn (2008a) argues that Addison and Teixeira's (2006) finding of a negative relationship between works council presence and employment growth is a chimera produced by the way in which establishment size is measured. We reject his assertion of misspecification for two reasons; the second of which undoubtedly contributed to leading Jirjahn astray. And while Jirjahn's treatment is of interest in its own right, he does a poor job of portraying our overall analysis. Thus, he neglects our treatment of survival bias while ignoring our presentation of a dynamic labor demand model. Elsewhere he seems to grudgingly support the former (Jirjahn 2008b), and implicitly to accept our findings pertaining to employment adjustment (where we report that wor...
...; Bryson 2004a; Addison/Belfield 2004), Australian (Wooden/ Hawke 2000), and U.S. (Leonard 1992) evid... at least works councils do not bargain over wages, while the (offsetting) efficiency or voice argume... and clear variable definitions is a minimum standard every empirical study should meet. This w...
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