This paper sketches a theory of computer-mediated leadership, drawing on research on computer-mediated communication (CMC) and leadership. The forecast it makes for computer-mediated forms of leadership is mixed. Leadership interactions that focus on the personal and dyadic level are predicted to be deficient under conditions of CMC as compared with face-to-face interaction. Two notable exceptions are identified. If message or task equivocality is low, CMC can be more efficient than face-to-face interaction. The second exception concerns attributions of charisma: For leaders who present themselves skilfully and strategically in CMC, followers' impressions are hypothesised to become accentuated or hypercharismatic. The above effects are all hypothesised to occur under conditions of high ...
...2. Leadership: Great men, prototypes, and fundamental attribution errors. Providing a b...
In this paper we present the design and implementation of an hyper-heuristic for efficiently scheduling independent jobs in Computational Grids. An efficient scheduling of jobs to Grid resources depends on many parameters, among others, the characteristics of the resources and jobs (such as computing capacity, consistency of computing, workload, etc.). Moreover, these characteristics change over time due to the dynamic nature of Grid environment, therefore the planning of jobs to resources should be adaptively done. Existing ad hoc scheduling methods (batch and immediate mode) have shown their efficacy for certain types of resource and job characteristics. However, as stand alone methods, they are not able to produce the best planning of jobs to resources for different types of Grid res...
... in a dynamic environment through a prototype of a Grid simulator [21]. The experimental study s...
The police in Germany is mainly a matter of the federal states, called "Lander", and only the Federal Police (Bundespolizei) and Germany's Federal Criminal Police Office (Bundeskriminalamt) have nationwide, though limited powers and are the responsibility of the German Federal Ministry of the Interior. North Rhine-Westphalia was chosen as it is the state with the largest number of habitants and of police officers. In the article three main topics are described and analyzed. The first part focuses on the police system and its reform in recent years. The second part shows some more aspects of the modernization of the police since the 1980s, like the integration of women and ethnic minorities in the police, the different activities to enhance the status of police officers for example by be...
...Consequently this article examines how the organisation adapts to ch... can thus in principle be seen as the prototype for NPM reforms in Germany, taking conditions spec...
Intensity inhomogeneity or intensity non-uniformity (INU) is an undesired phenomenon that represents the main obstacle for magnetic resonance (MR) image segmentation and registration methods. Various techniques have been proposed to eliminate or compensate the INU, most of which are embedded into clustering algorithms, and they generally have difficulties when INU reaches high amplitudes. This study proposes a multiple stage fuzzy c-means (FCM) clustering based algorithm for the estimation and compensation of INU, by modelling it as a slowly varying additive or multiplicative noise. The slowly varying behaviour of the bias or gain field is assured by a smoothing filter that performs a context dependent averaging, controlled by a morphological criterion. The segmentation is also supporte...
..., v^sub i^ represents the centroid or prototype of the ith cluster, and u^sub ik^ ε [0, 1] is the...
This paper examines the social relationships in and around a German subsidiary in Hungary during the first 15 years of Hungarian transition to a market economy. It draws on a recent conceptual framework that sees multinational corporations as transnational social spaces, in which transnational communities - communities of individuals that exhibit a unique cross-national organisational identity - may emerge. Empirically investigating two basic types of cross-border social relationship in multinational corporations, the paper argues that, due to the constant interplay of crossborder management and ownership relationships, the emergence of transnational communities is a demanding process, with established communities being precarious entities.
... many decades Siemens was considered the prototype of a large German industrial company: i.e. a somew...
In this paper, an expert system that performs route planning using dynamic traffic data is introduced. Also an algorithmic approach is introduced to find the shortest path in a three-dimensional. Using both implementations, a comparison is made between the expert system approach and the algorithmic approach. It is concluded that the expert system shows great potential. The expert system indeed finds the best routes, and it outperforms the algorithm approach in computation time, too.
... (Java Expert System Shell), since the prototype was developed in Java. 5. Estimation of Travel Tim...
According to the Resource Based View of strategic management, analyzing the human resource of a specific firm in terms of its potential to serve as a source of a sustainable competitive advantage requires an examination of - among others - the resource value. The question of how to parameterize this value, i.e., how to calculate human capital, straightly leads to an integration of RBV reasoning with market based models of the competitive environment at the factor and product market side. However, there seems to be a tacit consent among strategy scholars that the only adequate market mechanism to be used for resource valuation is the product market with the economic rents effectively created there. Yet this regularly ends in a tautology criticism of the RBV. It thus is the particular pur...
... title of its 1998 Intellectual Capital Prototype Report. This materialization and the respective fi...
The paper analyses the change of job stability and its determinants in the course of time by presenting some empirical evidence from Germany. Drawing upon event history data from the German Federal Labour Office insurance accounts and employing Cox Proportional Hazard Rate Models, we test six core hypotheses on labour market restructuring and its impacts on job stability. Our analysis suggests that during the transition to service society between the 1980s and the 1990s some kind of 'restructuring' of the German labour market has taken place that has simultaneously led to an increasing polarisation and to an increasing levelling out of individual employment chances and risks.
... States are often described as the prototype of "liberal market economies" Germany is suggested... market participants have been affected by this re-structuring process. For this reason six hypoth...
Intrusion detection systems are increasingly a key part of systems defense. Various approaches to intrusion detection are currently being used, but they are relatively ineffective. Artificial Intelligence plays a driving role in security services. This paper proposes a dynamic model of intelligent intrusion detection system, based on a specific AI approach for intrusion detection. The techniques that are being investigated include fuzzy logic with network profiling, which uses simple data mining techniques to process the network data. The proposed hybrid system combines anomaly and misuse detection. Simple fuzzy rules allow us to construct if-then rules that reflect common ways of describing security attacks. We use DARPA dataset for training and benchmarking.
...Our prototype utilizes FuzzyJess [22] to check the rules. The ru...
This paper presents a segmentation technique to handwritten word recognition. This technique implements an algorithm based on an analytical approach. It uses a letter sweeping procedure with a step equal to the Euclidean distance between an established reference index and the entity (the alphabet letter). Then a dissociation of this entity is achieved when this distance will reach a rate of 80%. Our experience about this segmentation technique gives a rate of 81.05% of recognition. A neural multilayer perceptron classifier confirms the extracted segment. This procedure is successively repeated from the beginning until the end of the word. A concatenation technique is finally used to the word reconstitution.
... training approach, we use the prototype data base LDB-LTE (Learning Data Base from LTE Lab...
ver las páginas en versión mobile | web
ver las páginas en versión mobile | web
© Copyright 2012, vLex. Alle Rechte vorbehalten.
vLex-Inhalte Deutschland
vLex durchsuchen
Für Berufstätige
Für Mitglieder
Andere interessante Suchvorgänge:
stickstoffdioxid | wirtschaftswunder | spiele | buchhalterisch | beleuchtung wien | Internationale Rolle der Union | derecho fundamentales de los estados | droit constitutionnel cours | iron ore market
