... 1990s: recruitment of elites via reproduction or circulation; the sociostructural composition; t...Martens demonstrates the high reproduction rate of the East German economic elite still in 2005, w...
... (such as the newly created means-tested flat-rate basic income support for the long-term unemployed,... of status segregation and status reproduction as well as the linkage between employment-based ad...
A method based on the adaptive-network-based fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) is presented for computing the narrow aperture dimension of the pyramidal horn. Eight optimization algorithms, least-squares, hybrid learning, Nelder-Mead, genetic, differential evolution, particle swarm, simulated annealing, and clonal selection, are used to optimally determine the design parameters of the ANFIS. The narrow aperture dimension computed by using the ANFIS is used in the optimum gain pyramidal horn design. The computed gains of the designed pyramidal horns are in a very good agreement with the desired gains. When the performances of ANFIS models are compared with each other, the best result is obtained from the ANFIS model trained by the least-squares algorithm.
... in the population are selected for reproduction. These selected individuals are manipulated by cro... step size = 0.00606, the step size decrease rate = 0.9, and the step size increase rate = 1.17; for...
This article deals with a model of worker participation which was introduced in a German car dealership and repair shop in the 1960s and which goes far beyond the legal framework of German codetermination ("Mitbestimmung"). The model comprises full codetermination in economic affairs, substantial gain-sharing, participation through work teams on the shop floor, and the "neutralization of capital" (i.e., transfer of owner's property rights to a foundation). The significance of these four elements is described in theoretical terms. The development was evaluated by interviewing a representative sample of the company's employees. The economic and social success of the company leads to the question of how industrial democracy can be further advanced in the future.
...This is supposed to cover the reproduction costs of depreciation. In addition, the firm recei...The employees receive an annual interest rate of 7 % on their loans, just as is paid on company ...
One of the approaches adopted to generate multiclass classifiers from binary predictors is to decompose the multiclass problem into multiple binary subproblems. Among the existing decomposition approaches, one may cite the use of Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAG) to combine pairwise classifiers. This work presents a study on the influence of the DAG structure in the performance obtained in multiclass problems when Support Vector Machines are used in the induction of the binary predictors.
... node, this will cause a cumulative error rate of 1 - (0.99)^sup k-1^, which becomes specially cr... mechanism to select individuals for reproduction is applied, which will produce descendants for a n...
An opposition between social cooperation (stakeholderism) and Neoliberal market solutions paralyzes political and scientific debate on reform in Germany today. This essay rejects that opposition by recasting the way in which each of the categories is understood. Pressure to become more flexible in many areas of work and organizational life has not given rise to a blanket embrace of "the market" on a local level. Instead, it has induced widespread experimentation with alternative forms of workplace and firm governance that involve continual and collaborative recomposition of stakeholder roles in and among firms and social actors. In other words, stakeholder governance is not disintegrating or giving way to the market in Germany. It is being redefined. Experimentation with roles and rules...
... set at the regionally bargained minimum rate, rather than the much higher rate that the traditi... of stakeholderism is tied to the reproduction of relatively stable stakeholder role positions an...
This article evaluates to what extent Resource Dependence Theory (RDT) is able to explain organizational processes and structures. The evaluation criteria are the empirical corroboration of the theory, its information content and generality, but also how realistic the assumptions of the RDT are. The evaluation shows that the theory is empirically well confirmed. On the whole, Resource Dependence Theory significantly contributes to explaining behavior, structure, stability, and change of organizations.
...The reproduction of one's own power is at the forefront of the mind... reason that in a similar survey in which the rate of unemployment was controlled for, a significant ...
A couple of years ago, drawing on recent pension reforms, the authors described the German welfare state as being in a state of transition towards an uncertain something else. They argued that the German welfare state is beginning to lose its distinctive features as a conservative type of welfare state. The authors of this issue on the policies of the German welfare state provide pieces of the puzzle. They provide empirical evidence not only for the theoretical argument of recombinant welfare states, but for what really happens with and within the German case in times of uncertainty. At first glance, when taking a more holistic view of the welfare state, contradictory processes seem to take place in different sectors at the same time, rendering it sometimes virtually impossible to argue...
... (such as the newly created means-tested flat-rate basic income support for the long-term unemployed,... of status segregation and status reproduction as well as the linkage be-tween employment-based a...
Surveys among entrepreneurs and managing directors of companies with 50 to 1,000 employees are used to describe features of managerial elites in East Germany. The paper looks at four dimensions: (1) the reproduction of economic elites during the transformation period and its current consequences; (2) the development of "family capitalism " and processes of social closure; (3) qualification patterns of management; and (4) different attitudes of East and West German elites. Managers who were socialised in state socialist combines are still a large proportion of East German economic elites. Owing to their age distribution, changes in top management will be probable, and their effects on enterprises and social relations are discussed in the paper.
...The response rate was 26.4 % (Martens/Michailow 2003). The survey wa...
... of Medicine and Biology of Reproduction and Prenatal Diagnosis (CNMBRDP) is in charge of t..., which significantly improves the success rate in certain cases of male infertility; a greater se...
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