riga latvia

• Illegitimate Wage Practices in Eastern Europe: The Case of 'Envelope Wages'

To evaluate the prevalence in Eastern Europe of a little discussed illegitimate wage practice in which employers pay their formal employees both a declared wage and an undeclared 'envelope wage', an extensive survey involving 10,671 face-to-face interviews in eleven post-socialist societies is here reported. The finding is that 10 per cent of all employees received envelope wages during the last 12 months amounting on average to two fifths of their gross annual wage. Revealing how although unevenly distributed, this wage practice is nonetheless ubiquitous throughout Eastern Europe, the paper concludes by briefly reviewing policy options for tackling this labour arrangement. Der Beitrag untersucht die wenig erforschte illegale Praxis in Osteuropa, wonach Arbeitgeber ihren Mitarbeitern so...

... specific Eastern European nations, such as Latvia (OECD 2003; Sedlenieks 2003; Zabko/Rajevska 2007),... 15 face-to-face interviews conducted in Riga. Although the Ukraine survey covers 600 households...

• Journal for East European Management Studies
• Band 13 Nr. 3, Juli 2008