...European countries have also experienced an impressive incr..., are now committed to doing so under the TRIPS agreement. . A third important influence that has ...
... when a Croatian tour operator offers coach trips from Zagreb through "central" Europe). Companies a...
In this paper we argue that flexpatriates' needs and goals are not homogeneous and cannot be met simply by providing standard measures to facilitate working in different cultural locations. We review the nature of flexpatriate lifestyle to examine how employees of multinational enterprises located in Austria face a range of issues in their work, personal and family lives. We present four empirically grounded types, Tough Travelers, Enjoyers, Cosmopolitans and Contactors. The types show various facets of flexpatriates' lifestyles that are essential to understand their significant implications for HR architecture, commitment strategies and HRM practices in order to meet the employees' needs.
... six or more international business trips in 2006 and 2007. Some 70 percent of these interna... work mainly among different regions of Europe (within and outside the European Union), onequarte...
The paper studied why multinational enterprise (MNE) subsidiaries adopt dissimilar political strategies, and seek to advance the understanding of international political strategy from an MNE parent-subsidiary perspective. Drawing on the MNE parent-subsidiary literature, the paper contended factors at the subsidiary, corporate, and host country levels contribute to subsidiary political strategy dissimilarity. Hypotheses were tested with a sample of US MNE subsidiaries within Western Europe. The results demonstrate that dissimilarity in MNE subsidiary political strategy is attributed to a combination of subsidiary, corporate, and host country factors.
...paid foreign trips to learn more about an issue) use financial induce...
With the advancement of the eastern enlargement of the EU, some advocates of the European social model saw enlargement as the "Trojan horse" against Europeanization, for the Americanization of Europe. In response, the EU recommended the strengthening of social partnership among business, labor and the state in candidate countries. This paper reveals four major venues for change: (1) emphasis on a new philosophy of social dialogue as social governance; (2) broadening the scope of participants in social dialogue; (3) development of autonomous and multi-level social dialogue among the organizations of employees and employers; and (4) capacity building for participation of the social partners in EU-level social dialogue.
...Such trips, which involved briefing sessions beforehand and g...
... in form of leading representatives' foreign trips). Then the leadership expelled the most discredite... not occur elsewhere in Central and East Europe in the first half of the 90's. However, the PDL's ...
...to 1984, it also missed out on Article 39 TRIPS, which has provided. for data protection on a glob...
... subsistence allowances of those on business trips whilst spending a day or more in Frankfurt on trai... well have been overtaken by changes in European law since then. Accordingly, the Court has turned ...
This paper focuses on the overall themes of the issue to examine the interrelationships between innovation, competition and regulatory change in international business. It provides a synthesis by highlighting recent interlinked developments in two contrasting industries dominated by large multinationals -- pharmaceuticals and automotives, with specific reference to cars. This industry based assessment highlights the technical, economic and regulatory forces that have together changed the business environment, innovation processes and nature of competition in the pharmaceutical and automotive industries.
... organisation of R&D within large European pharmaceutical MNEs and the challenges of promotin... Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) set new standards requiring members of the WTO to...
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