... Conference and Trade and Development (UNCTAD) (2004), global offshoring of services was about $... We then describe our data and methods, and report our findings. Finally, we discuss the implications...-based call center firm Transcom Worldwide located a call center serving Swedes in Spain wher...
We look at the wealth generated for shareholders of energy assets in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) by the announcement of cross-border mergers or acquisitions involving a bidder from a Western industrialized country between 1995 and 2005. The impact on both the performance improvements at the firm level as well as on an industry and economic level of foreign ownership of the energy assets in CEE are discussed. The main driver behind the positive effect is the industrial relatedness in acquiring CEE energy assets, while bidder experience and the relative size of the acquired stake do not impact the results significantly.
... transnational corporations due to the investment opportunities they offer (Bekaert/Harvey 2003). A ...Section 2 reports literature insights on motives of and capital mark... markets with a view toward higher worldwide integration (UNCTAD World Investment Report 2000)....
...2005), if foreign investments in joint ventures and subsidiaries are to realize ... low levels of foreign direct investment (UNCTAD 2009) and limited geo-political influence. Despite...(2006) reported a significant relationship between trust of superv...Journal of World Business, 38(3), 262-277. . Fairbaim, W. R. D. (19...
... Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) in ihrem World Investment Report 2002 einen Vergl...
... involves increased integration into world markets, resulting in greater volume of trade in t... as inward and outward foreign direct investment (FDI). The implication of this country-level polic... acquisition of foreign technology (UNCTAD 2005). . The aforementioned examples suggest that ... years' missing values with next year's reported value in order to avoid unnecessary sample loss. W...
... economic integration on foreign direct investment (FDI) from insider and outsider countries continge... Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) estimates that by 2005 there were about 77,000 mu... approximately 770,000 foreign affiliates world-wide (UNCTAD 2006, p. 10). Global FDI inflows reac... and home countries; the FD1 inflows are reported by the OECD in the SourceOECD database. . We use p...
... Reger 1999; De Meyer and Mizushima 1989; UNCTAD 2005). Moreover, this off-shored R&D activity is d...An increasing proportion of world trade is comprised of services which rely on the e...Several previous studies have reported a positive relationship between political stabilit...
... areas of trade, privatization, foreign investment and competition. The resulting decrease in barrier... suitable to foster competitive advantage in world markets. . Bartlett and Ghoshal (1989) argued for ... of procedures, planning, reporting and control systems (Hedlund 1981). Subtler instru...Oxford: Oxford University Press. . UNCTAD. (1995). Worm investment report, 1995: Transnation...
Much of the extant literature characterizes international joint venture (IJV) as a less stable and less successful form of organization. In this view, the IJV is considered a suboptimal ownership strategy, one where the firm lacks control over its operations, compared to wholly-owned subsidiary (WOS). This article tested this widespread view on IJV and WOS by analyzing a large, longitudinal sample of Japanese MNEs, comparing the results to those from US MNEs reported in Desai et al. (2004a) and Gomes-Casseres/Jenkins (2003). Japanese MNEs showed a stronger preference for IJVs over the last two decades as compared to US MNEs. IJV performance exceeded WOS among Japanese firms in most sample years, while WOSs outperformed IJVs among US subsidiaries in all sample years. Clear boundaries exi...
... view on the nature of foreign direct investment (FDI) ownership. The effect of country-of-origin i... still in effect in an ever more globalized world given the rate of technological advance (Noorderha... world and the leading investors worldwide (UNCTAD 2001). Moreover, unique Japanese culture and insti...
The IB literature informs people of several ways to measure firms' degree of globalization. In this paper the researchers make the argument that in fact none of the existing indices really measure firms' degree of "global specialization", that is, to what extent their allocation of resources is multidomestic or global. In order to remedy this they introduce a complementary index measuring how firms are configuring their value chains -- whether they are replicating value chain activities from country to country or locating them in globally specialized units in order to exploit an international division of labor. They then test this "global specialization" index empirically on a sample of Danish MNCs. They find that the index is able to identify a distinct group of firms with significantl...
..., such as industry directories and annual reports. However, the dichotomous and spread/diversity mea...Some indices, such as the UN's (UNCTAD's) index of transnationality, are one-type measure... 1995 UNCTAD has published (in its annual World Investment Reports) internationalization measures ...
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